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Kiao Fang

Kiao Fang has many other attractive qualities, but what defines her is this: she is a Junk-Rigged boat. For those in the junkrig community, what follows will be stating the obvious - skip forward if you will. But if you have never sailed a junkrig, here are some of the reasons we like her so much.

The rig is effective, with a lot of canvas up where you need it thanks to the stiff full-length battens. That stiffness makes the rig more and more effective to windward as the weather gets up, and with much less force needed to control it than on a Bermudan. The forces on the sails are distributed and spread in such a way that sheet work is light - no winch cranking needed. Kiao Fang has two light winches, but they are rarely used, and then only for topping up the halyard. Even then, we tend to haul up by hand, and neither of us is young. The same light forces mean that the rig is raised on keel-stepped unstayed masts, with all lines run back to the cockpit. Junkrigs self-tack. This isn't a fancy add-on in the way of deck-mounted sheet-slides: it is inherent in the rig. The workload is therefore far less than on a standard sail. The sail is semi-balanced, so that gybing is softer and easily controlled. Reefing is easy. The sails self stow on the boom, and if you really need to you can reef from full to hauled right down in - literally - seconds. (Mind you, there will be a lot of rope to sort out if you do it this way, but the squall won't knock you over while you tidy up). There is no standing rigging to break and replace every few years, and no bowstring forces trying to drive your mast through the deck. There are no multiple sail bags, hanking on, or deckwork when it's rough. The sails are forgiving: a ripped sail panel will stop at the next batten, so you tie that panel off, lose a bit of area and crack on. But the stresses on the sail are low anyway, because of the multiple batten and sheet connection points.

The side benefits are that with a doghouse added to the cockpit setup, you can stay nice and snug and safe. There is much more locker space, because sails aren't stowed below. The boat therefore stays drier, and a bit of attention to how the anchor is stowed and where drains go produces a really dry little ship. If you are living on her, stowage, comfort and dryness matter.

Kiao Fang was built in 1977 as number 5 of the Sunbird 32 class. You could buy these boats as Bermudan rigged, or single or schooner - rigged junks. Kiao Fang has a Hasler style schooner rig. She was sold to a lady in Belgium, who sailed her out of Nieuport until about 1995, when she was put on the hard until we bought her in 2000. We moved her to Glasson Dock in Lancashire, and began an extensive refit, (see below). The boat is on her second set of sails and her second engine, the latter being installed just before she was stored ashore in Belgium.  Glasson was her home port for a few years, and her home waters were therefore the Irish Sea, Isle of Man, Ireland and the south-west of Scotland. We then took her via Cork to Portugal, and sailed her from there: Povoa is great for the Spanish Rias, so we stayed.

Here are some drawings of Sunbird 32's when they were first built.

Plans

Cutaway

Below decks, this class of boat is very spacious. There is standing headroom through from front to back, and the offset design of the master bunk makes for a comfortable double berth. (There are lee cloths and fixing points on all the berths though, so the main berth mattress is split to allow you to secure yourself if need be.) There are lockers everywhere. We have taken over some of them for tankage, but even so, there is masses of room. The main cabin table will let you lay out a full Admiralty chart, or do some serious sewing. Our 14 foot sail covers were sewn in the cabin.

Kiao Fang is lovely to live on. She is stable, roomy, and moves well in the water. She sails beautifully, and motors economically (less than a litre and a half of fuel an hour). There is enough room below not to be tripping over each other, and copious storage for clothing, food, drink, spares and all the tools and gadgets which accumulate when you are living aboard. We have been very comfortable on her both at sea and moored. Little touches in the design help, like crockery cupboard over the galley sink with built in drainer, and the way in which you can sit braced at the stove, and the ability to mount lookout from the gangway steps without venturing into the cockpit.

Safety is an important factor for us. Apart from the obvious advantages due to the rig itself, Kiao Fang is a safe boat. You can get out from the main hatch, the mid hatch and the fore hatch. The cockpit on the production boat felt secure, and is even more so now on Kiao Fang. She is not tender, being well ballasted. The keel is encapsulated - one with the hull as a whole - so no keel bolts to rust and fail. She was built in the seventies when fibreglass construction was much more heavyweight than now.

Kiao Fang no longer looks quite like the drawings above. We have toughened her where experience showed she needed it; we have added modern equipment for safety, navigability and comfort; and we have tried to lower the maintenance costs in such areas as antifouling. Here is how she looks now.


Ria de Vigo


The most obvious changes are to the cockpit. The doghouse offers a lot of protection and gives us somewhere to house the large solar panels. It is designed as a lightweight structure: think more 'stiff sprayhood' than Fisher - style integral heavyweight. The construction is marine ply over mahogany frames, with stainless steel reinforcement for the laminated roof supports. There are removable canvas side panels and a canvas roof extension. Together with the stern superstructure, it's easy to rig cockpit sunshades for a shady corner when moored. The front window opens wide (and two screws remove it completely if you want a through breeze in a hot marina).

The superstructure at the stern does several jobs. It houses the radar, solar panel, emergency antenna mount and the wind generator. It also ties in with the pushpit, adding stiffness where it is needed - the pushpit doubles as the sheet mount point. We reinforced that, too. This is what it looked like while we were working on her in Glasson Dock, her previous home port.

stern


The Navic self steering in the picture was installed at this stage, but only after we had added extra stiffening to the transom. You can see the stowage for the Kedge / spare main anchor.

At the stem, we replaced the old ground tackle gear and installed a new winch, large cleat, and twin swivelling bow rollers. As with the transom, we added a lot of strength to this area of the boat by rebuilding the deck partner and adding a very substantial plate below the forepeak.

stem

Less obvious are the changes to the sails and rigging. The main improvement was in battens and booms - we changed the wooden, stiff and heavy set for extruded fibreglass components designed to allow the sails to take a curve when going to windward. Each batten is a different size and flexibility, depending on how high in the rig it is. The whole sail bundles are now lighter, and the battens work well.

Rias 3

Below, Kiao Fang looks like this:

Cabin Cabin

Cabin Heads

Forepeak

The navigation station

nav  Computing

We concluded that if you are cruising from a remote base. you don't want to spend time on avoidable chores. Antifouling is the worst of these, so we have set up Kiao Fang to avoid it. This season we have copper-coated her - 6 coats of epoxy and 8 kg of coppercoat on top of that. So now and for the next ten years the work consists of drying her out, power-hosing down, cleaning the prop and shaft and getting her back in the water. The keel shoe and yacht legs offer some freedom from haul-out and boatyard fees. The shots below give an impression of the hull, prop, rope-cutter, keel form and keel shoe. (As with most of the pictures, they were taken at different times as work allowed. The shoe was fitted in Glasson during the early refit, the legs are on display as she is tucked up for winter in Povoa a couple of winters ago, and the coppering is the most recent.)

Copper  shoe
Legs


We aim to maintain Kiao Fang as well as we can: here is a brief outline of what we have done (so you don't have to). Some of this work is on show in the Photo Gallery.
The last thing we did on your behalf was to deliver her across the Bay of Biscay, ready for your takeoff.

Biscay




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